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β地中海贫血目前尚无有效的治疗方法。患儿常需要依赖输血维持生命，但终因贫血，体内铁负荷过度导致心力衰竭。重者２０岁之前即死亡。羟基脲（（Ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙｕｒｅａ，ＨＵ）能调节珠蛋白基因表达的开关，激活非NNα珠蛋白基因的合成，从而恢复与非α珠蛋白肽链的平衡，?
There is currently no effective treatment for beta thalassemia. Children often rely on blood transfusions to sustain their lives, but end up with anemia and excessive iron overload in the body leading to heart failure. Severe death before the age of 20. Hydroxyurea (HU) regulates the switch of globin gene expression and activates the synthesis of non-NNα globin genes, thereby restoring the balance with the non-alpha globin peptide chain.