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科考废止 ,学堂制度植入乡村社会 ,引发了乡村社会内部权力格局的变动。依据科举制度安身立命或完成上升性社会流动的原既得利益群体 ,遭遇到不同程度的困厄命运。与此同时 ,随着学务权在地方行政系统中重要性的日益显著 ,造成了新的权力资源在国家—社会以及乡村精英内部各派势力之间的重新分配。过渡时代的乡村权力网络、不同群体以兴办学务为契机分别置身其中 ,分享权力又相互争夺对权力的主导权。他们之间的这种矛盾关系 ,又并非处在一种简单的“新”、“旧”对立或现代与传统的对立当中。掩映于简单对立之下 ,实为地方权力资源因地域、时势等条件的差异在不同利益群体间的重新配置。学务场域内权力关系的变动折射出过渡时期乡村社会内部复杂的权力格局
Expedition abolished, the school system implanted in rural society, triggered a change in the internal structure of rural society power. In accordance with the imperial examination system to settle down or to complete the rising social mobility of the vested interest groups, have encountered varying degrees of distress. At the same time, with the increasing importance of academic rights in local administrative systems, new power resources have been redistributed among the forces within the state-society and among the rural elites. In the transitional era, rural power networks and different groups took part in the establishment of academic affairs as chances to share their power and compete for power. The contradiction between them is not in the simple “new”, “old” opposition or the confrontation between modernity and tradition. Reflected in the simple opposite, in fact, the local power resources due to geographical, current conditions and other conditions in the different interests of the reallocation between groups. Changes in the power relations within the academic field reflect the complexity of the power structure within the rural society in the transitional period