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合同解释的目的是法院通过阐明合同条款的含义以探寻当事人的真意,从而明确当事人的权利义务关系,正确认定案件事实。因此,合同解释过程也是一个探寻当事人真实意思的过程。在合同解释的规则方面,英国合同法的规则具有极大的借鉴意义,本文试图通过对英国法在此方面的晚近发展进行研究以资借鉴。本文共分为五个部分:第一部分概述了英国法中合同解释的传统规则;第二部分简要说明了英国法中合同解释的现代发展;第三部分着重介绍了现代英国法中合同解释的若干规则,对八个问题进行了研究;第四部分则深入探讨了现代英国法中若干种合同条款的解释问题,包括明示条款、默示条款以及两种特殊条款等。最后是结语,归纳了英国法中合同解释晚近变化的特点以及对我国合同法司法实践和学理研究的启示。本文认为,如何进行富有针对性的合同解释仍然是我国司法实践和学理研究中的问题,司法实践和学理研究中应当转变过于强调立法的倾向,法院应更加重视如何通过细腻和针对性强的合同解释来通过判决和司法政策为商业提供规则;学理研究更应当理论联系实际,而不能仅仅局限在价值观和方法论的抽象讨论中。对此,英国法中合同解释的晚近发展提供了有益的借鉴。
The purpose of the contract interpretation is to clarify the true meaning of the parties by clarifying the meaning of the terms of the contract so that the court can clarify the parties' rights and obligations and correctly determine the facts of the case. Therefore, the contract interpretation process is also a process of exploring the true meaning of the parties. In terms of the rules of contract interpretation, the rules of the contract law in the United Kingdom have great reference value. This article attempts to draw lessons from the recent developments of British law in this respect. This article is divided into five parts: the first part gives an overview of the traditional rules of contract interpretation in English law; the second part briefly describes the modern development of contract interpretation in English law; the third part focuses on the interpretation of contracts in modern British law The fourth part discusses in depth the interpretation of several kinds of contract clauses in modern British law, including express clauses, implied clauses and two special clauses. Finally, the conclusion is summarized, summarizing the characteristics of recent changes in the interpretation of contract law in the UK law and its enlightenment on the judicial practices and theoretical studies of the contract law in our country. This paper argues that how to carry out targeted contract interpretation is still a problem in judicial practice and academic research in our country. In the judicial practice and academic research, we should shift the tendency of placing too much emphasis on legislation. The court should pay more attention to how to pass the delicate and targeted contract Explain to provide rules for business through judgments and judicial policies; academic research should be more theory-based and not limited to the abstract discussion of values and methodologies. In this regard, the recent development of contract interpretation in English law provides a useful reference.