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莱布尼茨虽生活在被机械自然观逐渐“祛魅”的时代,但他超越了时代的局限,认同机械自然观的解释力的同时也认识到这种自然观的不足,并且他指出了目的论用以解释自然的积极价值。他将机械论与目的论在其自然观中调和起来。在这种调和的视角下,莱布尼茨通过一系列的原则:个体性原则、连续性原则、和谐原则、最佳原则建构出一幅有机的自然图景。今天,人们仍然在机械自然图景中继续着祛魅的进程,所造成的结果是人类生态家园惨遭破坏,人类精神无处安放,而机械自然观无法应对当前人类所面临的这种危机。莱布尼茨的有机自然观对自然的返魅以及构建和谐的生态环境具有建设性意义。
Although Leibniz lives in an era of “disenchantment” by the view of mechanical nature, he transcends the limitation of the times, agrees with the explanatory power of the mechanical natural view and recognizes the deficiency of this view of nature, and he Pointed out that Skopostheorie used to explain the positive value of nature. He reconciles the theory of mechanics and teleology in his view of nature. In this harmonious perspective, Leibniz constructs an organic picture of nature through a series of principles: the principle of individuality, the principle of continuity, the principle of harmony and the principle of the best. Today, people continue to disenchanted themselves in the mechanical and natural landscape. The result is the destruction of human ecological homeland and the inability of human spirit to place. The concept of mechanical nature can not cope with the current crisis facing mankind. Leibniz’s view of organic nature is of great significance for the return of nature and the construction of a harmonious ecological environment.