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针对沪旱1A柱头外露率低和制种产量偏低的的问题,以高柱头外露率保持系K17B为供体,沪旱1B为受体和轮回亲本杂交和多代回交,定向改良沪旱1B的柱头外露率,并与沪旱1A回交转育,获得异交性能明显改良的不育系3155A。改良不育系3155A农艺性状与沪旱1A相似,开花习性好,花期集中,午前花比例高,柱头活力强,柱头外露率高。与旱恢3号制种产量达3.11t/hm~2,比对照沪旱1A与旱恢3号的制种产量增加1.72 t/hm~2。
Aiming at the problem of low exserted stigma rate and low seed yield in Shanghai drought-tolerant 1A, K17B with high stigma exsertion rate was used as donor, Shanghai-Harbin 1B was crossed with recipient and reincarnated parent and multiple generations of backcross, 1B stigma exsertion rate, and with drought Shanghai 1A backcross breeding, access to male sterile lines significantly improved CMS 3155A. The agronomic traits of improved CMS line 3155A were similar to that of Shanghai drought-tolerant 1A, with good flowering habits, concentrated flowering stage, high proportion of early flowering, strong stigmatic vigor and high stigma exsertion rate. AndHanhui 3 seed yield reached 3.11 t / hm ~ 2, which increased by 1.72 t / hm ~ 2 compared with that of control drought 1 and 3.