儿童权益知多少——写给父母们

• 作 者: 巫昌祯
• 机 构: 中国政法大学 教授
• 出 处: 少年儿童研究
• 发表日期: 1997年03期
• 关键词: 儿童权益 特殊保护 外祖父母 未成年子女 法定代理人 人格尊严权 民事活动 委托辩护人 不公开审理 抚养义务

儿童有广义和狭义之分。广义的儿童是指未满18周岁的人,即未成年人;狭义的儿童是指学龄前的孩子。我国《未成年人保护法》也就是保护儿童的法律。宪法所规定的“……妇女,儿童受国家的保护”,这里的儿童指的也是未成年人。我国宪法和法律,对未成年人,是给予特殊保护的。具体而言,即实行“儿童优先”、“公平和平等”、“全面发展”的原则。

Children have a broad sense and a narrow sense. Generalized children are those under the age of 18, that is, minors; children in narrow sense are preschool children. The Law on the Protection of Minors in China is also the law for the protection of children. The Constitution stipulates that “... women and children are protected by the state,” where children refer to minors as well. Our constitution and laws give special protection to minors. Specifically, it implements the principle of “children first”, “fairness and equality” and “all-round development.”