论文部分内容阅读
目的了解哈尔滨市2001—2010年居民碘缺乏病防治状况,为今后科学补碘提供依据。方法对2001—2010年哈尔滨市所辖18个区、县疾病预防控制中心69 944份碘盐监测结果、54 968人次碘缺乏病知识知晓率和46 583人次8～10岁儿童甲状腺肿大率监测结果进行统计分析。结果该市各年度盐碘中位数为30～40 mg/kg,各年度仍有非碘盐存在。城区和农村碘盐合格率、合格碘盐食用率、碘盐覆盖率10年间基本呈上升趋势,2010年分别达98.99%和99.22%,96.78%和99.15%,97.77%和99.93%;农村地区碘盐合格率、合格碘盐食用率、碘盐覆盖率分别是城区的1.869倍、4.126倍、27.389倍。2004年对学生首次开展碘缺乏病知识知晓率调查时知晓率低于90%,其他各年均维持在90%以上,学生知晓率基本呈逐年上升趋势;农村地区主妇对碘缺乏病知识的知晓率低于城区。城区和农村儿童的甲状腺肿大率基本呈逐年下降趋势,2010年分别为1.49%和1.87%,农村下降趋势明显;农村地区儿童发生甲状腺肿大的风险是城区儿童的1.710倍。结论哈尔滨市2010年已达到碘缺乏病消除标准,但仍需关注农村儿童甲状腺肿大的发生,并加强农村主妇碘缺乏病健康教育。
Objective To understand the status of prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders among residents in Harbin City from 2001 to 2010, and to provide basis for scientific iodization in future. Methods A total of 69 944 cases of iodized salt monitoring, 54 968 knowledge of iodine deficiency disorders and 46 583 children aged 8 to 10 in 18 districts and counties under the jurisdiction of Harbin from 2001 to 2010 were collected. Results of statistical analysis. Results The median annual salt iodine in the city was 30-40 mg / kg, and there were still non-iodized salt in each year. The passing rate of iodized salt in urban areas and rural areas was basically up-going in 10 years, reaching 98.99% and 99.22%, 96.78% and 99.15%, 97.77% and 99.93% respectively in 2010 and in rural areas Salt pass rate, the rate of qualified iodized salt, iodized salt coverage were 1.869 times the city, 4.126 times, 27.389 times. In 2004, the awareness rate of the students’ awareness of the first knowledge of iodine deficiency disorders was less than 90% while that of other students was above 90% in all other years. The awareness of students was basically increasing year by year. The knowledge of housewives in rural areas about iodine deficiency disorders Lower than the city rate. The prevalence of goiter in urban areas and rural areas basically decreased year by year, from 1.49% and 1.87% in 2010, and the trend of decline in rural areas was obvious. The risk of goiter in children in rural areas was 1.710 times that of urban children. Conclusion Harbin has reached the standard of eliminating iodine deficiency disorders in 2010, but it still needs to pay attention to the occurrence of goiter in rural children and strengthen the health education of iodine deficiency disorders among rural housewives.