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卫生保健事业的发展一直是苏联重要的问题。扩大卫生保健事业的范围,增加卫生保健事业的投资,就愈来愈迫切需要研究它的经济效益。而确定卫生保健事业开支的经济效益问题并没有解决。卫生保健事业的经济效益是卫生保健事业总效益的一部分,或者说是社会效益的一部分。后者还包括特有的医疗预防效益。卫生保健事业的最终效果,表现为它的社会效益,就是保护和改善全体人民的健康。社会效益的特征是指总死亡率,总发病率的高低和平均寿命的长短。医疗预防效益是指人们医疗预防工作任务完成情况如何。医疗预防效益没有一个统一的标准。卫生保健事业的每项工作却有多项标准。有的是要保全患者的生命(但不是保全劳动能力),有的是要恢复正常的劳动能力,有的是要保证卫生防疫工作的实施。
The development of health care has always been an important issue for the Soviet Union. Expanding the scope of health care and increasing the investment in health care will increasingly require the study of its economic benefits. However, the issue of determining the economic benefits of health care expenditure has not been resolved. The economic benefits of health care are part of the overall benefits of health care, or are part of the social benefits. The latter also includes unique medical prevention benefits. The ultimate result of the health care business is its social benefits, that is, the protection and improvement of the health of all its people. The characteristics of social benefits refer to the total mortality, the total incidence and the average length of life. The effectiveness of medical prevention refers to how well people’s medical prevention tasks are completed. There is no uniform standard for medical prevention benefits. Every job in health care has many criteria. Some are trying to preserve the lives of patients (but not to preserve the ability to work), some to restore normal working capacity, and some to ensure the implementation of health and epidemic prevention work.