论文部分内容阅读
目的 探讨艾滋病病毒 (HIV)母婴垂直传播的规律 ,为预防和阻断HIV的母婴传播提供依据。方法 采用流行病学研究方法进行研究。结果 (1)开展阻断HIV/AIDS母婴传播项目 ,必须建立完整的组织机构和管理措施 ,多个部门参与工作与管理 ,互相协调与配合 ,才能保证项目的顺利实施与管理。 (2 )流行病学监测表明 ,开远市孕妇人群中HIV感染率约为 6 4 3‰ ,传播途径以性传播为主 ,其次是静脉吸毒。 (3)在健康教育评价中 ,对艾滋病知识、传播途径和预防方法的知晓率 ,在健康教育后明显高于健康教育前 (P <0 0 0 1)。 (4 )病例对照研究表明 ,孕妇感染HIV的危险因素为职业、文化程度、静脉吸毒、卖淫、多性伴、配偶HIV阳性和配偶或性伴吸毒等。结论 在开展阻断孕妇HIV/AIDS母婴传播项目时 ,同时进行项目系统管理研究、流行病学监测、健康教育及其评估、流行病学病例对照研究等是必需的 ,可有效降低和防止孕妇的HIV感染率和HIV母婴传播的发生率。
Objective To investigate the law of vertical transmission of HIV in mother-infant and to provide basis for preventing and blocking the transmission of HIV from mother to child. Methods Epidemiological studies were conducted. Results (1) To carry out HIV / AIDS mother-to-child transmission project, it is necessary to establish a complete organizational structure and management measures. With the participation of multiple departments in the work and management, coordination and cooperation, the project can be successfully implemented and managed. (2) Epidemiological surveillance shows that the HIV infection rate among pregnant women in Kaiyuan City is about 643% o. The main route of transmission is sexual transmission, followed by intravenous drug use. (3) In the evaluation of health education, the awareness rate of AIDS knowledge, route of transmission and prevention methods were significantly higher after health education than before health education (P <0.01). (4) Case-control study showed that the risk factors of HIV infection among pregnant women were occupation, educational level, intravenous drug use, prostitution, multiple sexual partners, spousal HIV positive and spouse or partner drug abuse. Conclusions Simultaneous project management studies, epidemiological surveillance, health education and assessment, and case-control studies of epidemiology are necessary at the same time to prevent HIV / AIDS mother-to-child transmission in pregnant women. It is effective in reducing and preventing pregnant women Of the HIV infection rate and the incidence of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.