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目的探讨利用特殊活动场所,对男男性行为者(MSM)开展艾滋病(AIDS)高危行为干预的可行性。方法采用整群抽样方法,对在酒吧、浴池等场所活动的MSM进行AIDS相关行为干预,干预前后进行面对面问卷调查,SPSS软件统计分析。结果干预前调查491人,干预后调查596人。经过1年的干预,AIDS防治知识知晓率从76.8%(377/491)提高到97.7%(582/596)(χ2=112.857,P<0.01);最近一次与同性发生性行为时安全套使用率从60.5%(234/387)提高到87.2%(491/563)(χ2=90.771,P<0.01),最近一次与商业性伴发生性行为时安全套使用率从54.0%(75/139)提高到90.8%(119/131)(χ2=45.361,P<0.01),最近一次与异性性伴发生性行为时安全套使用率从42.1%(64/152)提高到60.1%(98/163)(χ2=10.222,P<0.01)。梅毒检测比例从25.7%(126/491)上升到59.2%(353/596),丙型肝炎病毒检测比例从10.6%(52/491)上升到46.3%(276/596),艾滋病病毒检测比例从23.2%(114/491)上升到79.4%(473/596),干预前后检测比例差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论在MSM活动场所内开展MSM行为干预有实际意义,可以利用社区小组优势在活动场所内开展针对性的艾滋病相关行为干预活动,促进主动检测,降低艾滋病病毒的传播。
Objective To explore the feasibility of using special venues to intervene in high risk behaviors of MSM. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to conduct AIDS-related behavioral interventions on MSMs operating in bars and bathhouses. Face-to-face questionnaires were conducted before and after the interventions, and SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. Results 491 pre-intervention survey, 596 post-intervention survey. After one year’s intervention, the awareness rate of AIDS prevention and treatment was increased from 76.8% (377/491) to 97.7% (582/596) (χ2 = 112.857, P <0.01). The condom use rate of the latest homosexual sex 60.5% (234/387) to 87.2% (491/563) (χ2 = 90.771, P <0.01). The condom use rate in the last sexual intercourse with commercial partners increased from 54.0% (75/139) to 90.8 % (119/131) (χ2 = 45.361, P <0.01). The condom use rate in the last sexual intercourse with heterosexual partners increased from 42.1% (64/152) to 60.1% (98/163) (χ2 = 10.222 , P <0.01). The detection rate of syphilis increased from 25.7% (126/491) to 59.2% (353/596), and the proportion of hepatitis C virus (HCV) increased from 10.6% (52/491) to 46.3% (276/596) 23.2% (114/491) increased to 79.4% (473/596). There were significant differences in the detection rate before and after intervention (P <0.01). Conclusion It is of practical significance to carry out MSM behavioral intervention in the MSM venues. It can take advantage of community groups to carry out targeted AIDS-related behavioral interventions in the venues to promote proactive detection and reduce the spread of HIV.