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一、导言 1967年Pederson发现一类环状多醚化合物可以和一些阳离子发生络合作用,随后,这一类化合物在合成上的应用又引起人们广泛的注意。冠醚(crown ether)一词乃成为描述这一类化合物的专门名词。典型的冠醚如化合物(1),称为15-冠-5-醚。15代表环的原子总数,5表示环中杂原子总数。“冠”主要由于分子模型的形象酷似王冠,见(1b)式,并且也由于这类环状化合物可以通过络合作用而冠盖于其他阳离子之上。我们一般将冠族化合物定义
I. INTRODUCTION Pederson in 1967 discovered that a class of cyclic polyether compounds can complex with some cations. Subsequently, the synthesis of these compounds has attracted much attention. The term crown ether is the nomenclature used to describe this class of compounds. A typical crown ether, such as compound (1), is termed 15-crown-5-ether. 15 represents the total number of atoms in the ring and 5 represents the total number of heteroatoms in the ring. The “crown” is mainly due to the molecular model resembles a crown, see (1b), and also because such cyclic compounds can be capped over other cations by complexation. We generally define the crown compound