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官府文件是早期来华新教传教士英译中国文献时重要的文本选择对象。本文展示了传教士于1807—1850年间英译出版的四种成册译作和29篇单篇文献,并将其中29篇单篇文献分为“中英关系”“清朝政务管理”“禁教与弛禁”以及“中国黑暗面”四个大类进行分析。传教士翻译中国官文的主要动机,一是获取其母国政府与商界等现实权力的支持,二是揭示中国黑暗面以获得传教活动的合法性。其翻译副文本主要是对中国事务的客观介绍与解释,但马礼逊等译者也利用翻译副文本对中国进行全面指摘。本文还以米怜译《圣谕广训》为个案展现新教传教士英译中国官府文件的具体风貌。
Official documents are an important text choice for early Chinese Protestant missionaries to translate Chinese documents. This article shows four kinds of translations and 29 individual translations of English missionaries published by the missionaries between 1807 and 1850, and divides 29 individual articles into “Sino-British Relations”, “Qing Government Affairs Management” “Prohibition of education and relaxation ” and “dark side of China ” four major categories for analysis. The main motive for missionaries to translate Chinese official documents is to obtain the support of their home country’s government and the business community and other real powers. The second is to reveal the dark side of China in order to gain the legitimacy of missionary activities. Its subtext is primarily an objective introduction and explanation of China’s affairs, but translators such as Morrison also make full use of the text of the translation to make an overall accusation against China. This article also shows the specific style of the English translation of Chinese government documents by Protestant missionaries with the example of “Holy Scriptures Wide Training”.