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Osteomyelitis is a significant cause of morbidity in children throughout the world. Multiple imaging modalities can be used to evaluate for suspected osteomyelitis, however magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) has distinct advantages over other modalities given its ability to detect early changes related to osteomyelitis, evaluate the true extent of disease, depict extraosseous spread of infection, and help guide surgical manage-ment. MRI has assumed a greater role in the evaluation of osteomyelitis with the increase in musculoskeletal infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococ-cus aureus which have unique imaging features that are well-demonstrated with MRI. This review focuses primarily on the use of MRI in the evaluation of osteo-myelitis in children and will include a discussion of the clinically important and characteristic findings on MRI of acute bacterial osteomyelitis and related conditions.
Multiple imaging modalities can be used to evaluate for suspected osteomyelitis, however magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has distinct advantages over other modalities given its ability to detect early changes related to osteomyelitis, evaluate the true extent of disease, depict extraosseous spread of infection, and help guide surgical manage-ment. MRI has assumed a greater role in the evaluation of osteomyelitis with the increase in musculoskeletal strains caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococculus aureus which has unique imaging features that are well-demonstrated with MRI. This review was primarily based on the use of MRI in the evaluation of osteo-myelitis in children and will include a discussion of the clinically important and special findings on MRI of acute bacterial osteomyelitis and related conditions.