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第44届世界卫生大会通过了到2000年作为公共卫生问题消灭麻风的决议,并把消灭的标准定为流行率低于1/万.过去8年有几个国家使用MDT的经验表明,如果登记病历有80～90％上了MDT,5年流行率减少十分之九是可能的。根据在许多国家的观察,患者未登记是由于患者和周围的人不认识这个病,特别是在早期,大部分由于害怕歧视,隐瞒了病情。通过卫生教育可使人们识别麻风早期症状和消除社会上的障碍,使隐匿患者自己报病。由于病人看到效果高,确能治愈,许多地区报病的有所增加。监测麻风流行病学变化最敏感的指标是小年龄组发病率的变化。成年组,特别是在30或40岁以上的发病,可能是在儿童期感染所致。因而,随着所有患者用MDT和发病率下降,在较老的年龄组中继续保持麻风低发病率,不能说明是新感染。尽管发病低,还是难以设想能在今后
The 44th World Health Assembly adopted a resolution to eliminate leprosy as a public health problem by the year 2000 and set the standard for elimination to a prevalence of less than 10,000. The experience of using MDT in several countries in the past 8 years shows that if registration Eighty to ninety percent of medical records are on MDT. It is possible to reduce the prevalence by five-tenths in five years. According to observations in many countries, the patient was not registered because the patient and the surrounding people did not recognize the disease, especially in the early stages, and most of the patients were blind because of fear of discrimination. Through health education, people can identify the early symptoms of leprosy and eliminate social barriers, so that patients with concealed patients can report themselves. Because the patients see a high effect, they can be cured, and the number of reported cases has increased in many areas. The most sensitive indicator for monitoring the epidemiological changes in leprosy is the change in incidence in the younger age group. The adult group, particularly at 30 or 40 years of age, may be due to a childhood infection. Thus, as all patients use MDT and the incidence decreases, the low incidence of leprosy in the older age group cannot be explained as a new infection. Despite the low incidence, it is difficult to envisage future