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以豫南雨养农业区小麦-玉米周年耕作模式为研究对象,以2007—2014年连续7年的大田定位试验数据为基础资料,利用货币归一化方法,对不同耕作模式农田生态系统服务功能价值进行估算。试验处理为两季秸秆均不还田的传统翻耕、不覆盖/不深松+覆盖/免耕、覆盖/不深松+不覆盖/免耕、不覆盖/深松+不覆盖/免耕、覆盖/深松+覆盖/免耕及不覆盖/不深松+还田/旋耕6个模式。主要估算了各模式的农产品服务价值、积累有机质功能价值、养分积累和循环功能价值、涵养水分功能价值和调节大气功能价值。结果表明,覆盖/深松+覆盖/免耕的农田生态系统各项服务价值均最高,总价值也最高,达到49326元·hm-2,其次是传统翻耕模式为45345元·hm-2,然后依次是不覆盖/深松+不覆盖/免耕、不覆盖/不深松+覆盖/免耕、覆盖/不深松+不覆盖/免耕,不覆盖/不深松+还田/旋耕模式最低,只有41440元·hm-2。两季秸秆覆盖还田+深松+免耕播种模式生态服务总价值分别比其他模式依次高8.78%、9.67%、13.46%、13.57%、19.03%,均达显著或极显著水平。说明两季秸秆粉碎覆盖还田、小麦免耕播种结合玉米季深松模式,适合豫南雨养农业区的区域生态气候特点和生产实际,适宜推广应用。
Taking the wheat-corn annual farming model in the rainy farming area of southern Henan as the research object and the field-based experimental data of seven years in a row from 2007 to 2014 as the basic data, the author used the normalized method of money to evaluate the farmland ecosystem service function Estimate the value. Tillage treatments were conventional tillage with no stalks in both seasons, no tillage / no subsoiling + cover / no tillage, cover / no subsoiling + no cover / no tillage, no cover / subsoiling + no cover / no tillage , Covering / subsoiling + coverage / no-tillage and no coverage / no subsoiling + restoring / rotary farming 6 modes. Mainly estimated the service value of agricultural products in each mode, accumulated the functional value of organic matter, the value of nutrient accumulation and recycling function, the function value of water conservation and the adjustment of atmospheric function value. The results showed that the service value of farmland ecosystem covered with / subsoiling + cover / no-tillage was the highest, with the highest total value of 49326 yuan · hm-2, followed by the traditional tillage model of 45345 yuan · hm-2, Followed by uncovered / subsoiled + uncovered / no tillage, uncovered / not submerged + covered / no tillage, covered / not submerged + uncovered / no tillage, uncovered / not submerged + The lowest farming model, only 41440 yuan · hm-2. The total value of ecological services in straw mulching + subsoiling + no-tillage sowing mode in the two seasons was 8.78%, 9.67%, 13.46%, 13.57% and 19.03% higher than the other models, respectively, reaching significant or extremely significant levels. This shows that straw mulching and returning to the field in two seasons, no-tillage sowing of wheat combined with subsoiling mode of corn, is suitable for the popularization and application of the regional ecologic climatic characteristics and production in the rainy farming area of southern Henan.