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建立了真空管集热的太阳能低温多效蒸发海水淡化系统的数学模型,利用MATLAB对其进行了求解。从造水量和耗能量两方面分析了定负荷和变负荷系统的性能。分析结果表明:定负荷时的年造水量稍大于变负荷时的年造水量;定负荷时,在1、2、6、11、12月份需要电辅子系统加热,耗电量大,在其他月份需要冷却子系统排走太阳能供热系统提供的多余热量,增加了单位造水总能耗。变负荷时系统造水量在40%~110%范围内变化,与定负荷系统相比耗电少,对热能利用较充分。
The mathematic model of solar water desalination system with low temperature and multi-effect evaporation was established and solved by MATLAB. The performances of constant load and variable load system are analyzed from the aspects of water production and energy consumption. The results show that annual water production at constant load is slightly larger than the annual water production at variable load. At constant load, auxiliary power subsystem heating is required in January, February, June, November and December and the power consumption is large. Months require cooling subsystem to remove the excess heat provided by the solar heating system, increasing the total water consumption per unit of water. When the system is under load, the amount of water produced by the system varies from 40% to 110%. Compared with the system under constant load, the water consumption is less and the utilization of heat energy is more adequate.