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本文针对沿海软弱土层的特点,叙述了采用水力冲切土层,开挖大型土方的设备配置和人员组织,具体的施工方法、步骤和注意事项,以及应用的效果。位于浙江宁波市甬江入海口之南9公里的北仑港电厂一期工程循环排水沟,土方施工采用了水力机械开挖的方法,即模拟自然界水流冲刷原理,借助约300kPa水压力冲切土层,形成粒径小于2mm,浓度为20～30％的泥浆,由泥浆泵吸排,管道输送,完成挖、装、运和卸等多道工序,圆满地完成了3万余m~3淤泥质土的开挖,取得了较好的效益。
According to the characteristics of the coastal soft soil layer, this paper describes the equipment configuration and personnel organization for hydraulic excavation of earth layers, excavation of large-scale earthworks, concrete construction methods, steps and precautions, and application results. Located in the first phase of the Beilun Port Power Plant’s first-phase project, 9 km south of the Yongjiang River in Ningbo, Zhejiang, China, the earthwork was constructed using a hydraulic machinery excavation method that simulates the principle of natural water erosion and uses about 300 kPa water pressure to excavate soil layers. A slurry with a particle size of less than 2mm and a concentration of 20 to 30% was formed. The slurry was pumped and pumped by a mud pump to complete the digging, loading, transporting, and unloading operations, successfully completing more than 30,000 m 3 silt soils. Excavation has achieved better results.