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指令系统是计算机体系结构最基本的特征。早期,人们采用微程序设计技术让指令系统变得日趋复杂,后来逐渐认识到这种复杂指令系统计算机(CISC)并不能很好的提高系统性能,于是设计师们提出了精简指令系统计算机(RISC)体系结构,并在一个芯片上实现了CPU。随着RISC微处理器迅速发展,人们又发现RISC指令系统并不能充分实现指令级并行处理,从而影响了计算机性能的进一步提高,又出现了超长指令字(VLIW)计算机指令系统。
Instruction system is the most basic feature of computer architecture. In the early days, people used the microprogram design technology to make the instruction system become more and more complex. Later, they gradually realized that such a complex instruction system computer (CISC) did not improve the system performance very well. Therefore, the designers put forward the Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC ) Architecture and implemented the CPU on a single chip. With the rapid development of RISC microprocessor, RISC instruction system was found to not be able to fully implement instruction level parallel processing, thus affecting the further improvement of computer performance and the emergence of VLIW computer instruction system.