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自从李四光教授于本世纪二十年代提出“山字型构造体系”这一概念之后,其实例陆续有所发现。近来,几乎每年均有新的报道。据粗略估计,仅在中国境内,已发表和尚待发表的山字型构造体系约有数十个之多。此外,有种种迹象表明,分布于国外的也不在少数。随着野外调查工作的进展,所发现的山字型构造体系越来越多,与其有关的若干理论和实践问题也相继被提出来,这是值得认真研究的。笔者曾就其中的几项,诸如砥柱的概念、脊柱的形成机制以及山字型构造的发展过程等做过初步的探索,本文将对这些问题分别予以讨论。
Since Professor Li Siguang proposed the concept of “mountain font structure system” in the 1920s, some examples have been discovered. Recently, there have been new reports almost every year. According to a rough estimate, there are about dozens of mountain font structures that have been published and yet to be published in China alone. In addition, there are indications that there are also a few foreign countries. With the progress of the field investigation, more and more mountain font structures are found, and several theoretical and practical problems related to it have also been put forward. This is worth studying seriously. The author has made some preliminary exploration on several of them, such as the concept of the mainstay, the formation mechanism of the spine and the development process of the mountain shape structure. This article will discuss these issues respectively.