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视上核和室旁核是下丘脑中两个与渗透压感受、加压素分泌以及水平衡调节密切相关的核团。为了搞清楚这两个核团在不同刺激条件下的激活状态和反应特性,本文采用慢性和急性渴觉刺激模型,免疫组化和ELISA检测相结合的方法对视上核和室旁核内的Fos表达以及血清加压素水平进行了测定。慢性刺激组动物给予2% NaCl盐水持续2d,而急性刺激组动物皮下直接注射2mol/L的NaCl盐水2.5ml,两组动物的进食保持正常。结果表明,这两种不同的刺激方式引发的Fos表达模式基本相似,视上核、室旁核、下丘脑外侧区以及正中视前区、穹窿下器和终板血管下器等区都检测到大量的Fos阳性胞核。但Fos染色的深浅程度和Fos胞核的数量却在两组之间有明显的差异:急性组胞核浓染,数量多;慢性组胞核淡染,数量少。ELISA检测的结果与此相反,急性组动物血清中加压素的水平很低,与对照组没有明显差异;而慢性组动物血清中的加压素水平很高,几乎是对照组的2倍。以上结果提示,下丘脑神经元的激活和分泌功能与刺激方式密切相关,选择单一刺激模式、单一指标来揭示和衡量其功能状态是缺乏说服力的。
The supraoptic nucleus and paraventricular nucleus are two nuclei in the hypothalamus that are closely related to osmoregulation, vasopressin secretion, and water balance regulation. In order to clarify the activation status and response characteristics of these two nuclei under different stimulation conditions, we used a combination of chronic and acute thirst stimulation models, immunohistochemistry and ELISA to detect the expression of Fos in supraoptic nucleus and paraventricular nucleus Expression and serum vasopressin levels were determined. The rats in the chronic stimulation group were given 2% NaCl for 2 days, while the animals in the acute stimulation group were injected subcutaneously with 2 ml / L NaCl saline 2.5 ml. The animals in both groups remained normal. The results showed that these two different stimuli induced similar patterns of Fos expression. The supraoptic nucleus, paraventricular nucleus, hypothalamic lateral zone, and median preoptic area, as well as the subepithelial and endplate vascular subareas were all detected A large number of Fos-positive nuclei. However, the degree of Fos staining and the number of Fos nuclei are significantly different between the two groups: acute nuclei stained, the number of more; chronic group of nuclear light staining, a small number. In contrast, the serum levels of vasopressin in the acute group were not significantly different from those in the control group, whereas the levels of vasopressin in the serum of the chronic group were almost twice as high as those in the control group. The above results suggest that the activation and secretion of hypothalamic neurons are closely related to the mode of stimulation. It is not convincing to choose a single mode of stimulation and single indicator to reveal and measure its functional status.