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中动结构是语言中的一种特殊句型,在英汉两种语言中都大量存在,它的特殊性使它从普通的句式中脱离出来,一直是国外生成语法学家们研究的热门课题之一。中动结构又被称为中间结构,在英语中被称为middle construction或middles。许多学者将其定位于介于主动句和被动句之间的特殊结构。试比较以下各句:(1)a.He cleans the room.他打扫房间。(主动句)b.The room is cleaned.房间被打扫了。(被动句)c.The room cleans easily.房间容易打扫。(中动句)英汉两种语言中的中动词很相似,这类句子又被称作受事主语句,往往以一些附加成分为标志。吕叔湘指出,动词前面附
Middle structure is a kind of special sentence pattern in language, which exists in both English and Chinese languages. Its particularity makes it detached from the ordinary sentence pattern. It has been a hot topic in the field of foreign grammatists one. Middle structure is also known as the middle structure, in English is called middle construction or middles. Many scholars locate it in a special structure between active and passive sentences. Try comparing the following sentences: (1) a.He cleans the room. He cleaned the room. (Active sentence) b.The room is cleaned. The room was cleaned up. (Passive sentence) c.The room cleans easily. The room is easy to clean. (Middle-moving sentences) The middle verbs in both English and Chinese are very similar. Such sentences are also called subject-statements, often marked by some additional components. Lu Shuxiang pointed out that the verb attached before