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目的:了解茂名市学龄前儿童孤独症的发病情况,为实施干预措施提供科学依据。方法:采用整群随机抽样方法,抽取茂名市17所幼儿园3～6岁在园的儿童,采用克氏孤独症行为量表和自拟影响因素问卷进行调查和评定。结果:共调查2 485例儿童,查出孤独症35例,患病率1.41%,病例男女比为6∶1。不同性别儿童患病率差异有明显统计学意义(P<0.01),不同年龄段儿童孤独症患病情况差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),孤独症儿童行为表现在克氏量表中出现率最高的前5位分别为:不愿与别人一起玩;听而不闻;避免视线的接触;对周围漠不关心;活动量过大。结论:学龄前儿童孤独症患病现状不可忽视,建议加强儿童孤独症的宣传工作,做好孕产期保健,开展儿童孤独症的筛查,做到早发现、早诊断、早干预,减少致残率。
Objective: To understand the incidence of autism in preschool children in Maoming and to provide a scientific basis for the implementation of interventions. Methods: A cluster random sampling method was used to extract children aged 3 ~ 6 years old from 17 kindergartens in Maoming City. The Kirschner’s Autism Behavior Checklist and self-designed questionnaire were used to investigate and assess the children’s behavior. Results: A total of 2 485 cases of children were enrolled. 35 cases of autism were found, the prevalence was 1.41%. The ratio of male to female was 6:1. The prevalence of autism in different genders was significantly different (P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of autism between children of different ages (P> 0.05). The behavior of autistic children appeared in Kirschner’s scale The top five highest rates were: unwilling to play with others; hearing nothing; avoiding eye contact; indifference to the surroundings; excessive activity. Conclusion: The prevalence of autism in preschool children can not be neglected. It is suggested to strengthen the publicity of autism in children, to make good pregnancy and childbirth care, to carry out the screening of children with autism, so that early detection, early diagnosis and early intervention can be achieved. After the rate.