论文部分内容阅读
目的分析三硝基甲苯(TNT)对作业工人眼晶状体的职业危害,为制定防制措施提供依据。方法对广西某厂职业接触TNT 300名作业工人进行职业健康检查,了解TNT对眼晶状体职业危害所致白内障的发生情况。结果 300名工人经检查白内障的患病率达18.3%,其中粉碎工与压药工的患病率达38.9%与34.1%,明显高于装药工、包装工及纸筒工的16.7%、10.3%和6.7%,统计学分析显示,不同工种工人白内障发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=23.94,P<0.01)。检查诊断为职业性TNT白内障的55例,其中男52例,女3例;工作环境空气中TNT浓度越高发病率也会越高。结论预防或降低职业性TNT白内障的发生,应避免TNT的接触累积,作业工人应定期的工种调整。在工作过程中要注意通风,降低工作环境中的TNT浓度,要加强自身防护,严禁在工作场所内饮食。
Objective To analyze the occupational hazards of trinitrotoluene (TNT) on workers’ lens of the eye and provide the basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Occupational health examination was conducted in 300 TNT occupational occupations in a factory in Guangxi to find out the incidence of cataract caused by occupational hazards of ocular lens in TNT. Results The 300 workers were found to have a cataract prevalence rate of 18.3%. The prevalence rates of crushing and pressing workers were 38.9% and 34.1%, significantly higher than those of the pack workers, packers and paper-tube workers, accounting for 16.7% 10.3% and 6.7% respectively. Statistical analysis showed that the incidence of cataract in different types of workers was significantly different (χ2 = 23.94, P <0.01). Check the diagnosis of occupational TNT cataract 55 cases, 52 males and 3 females; working environment, the higher the TNT concentration in the air will be higher incidence. Conclusion To prevent or reduce the incidence of occupational TNT cataract, contact accumulation should be avoided in TNT, and workers should be regularly adjusted. In the work process should pay attention to ventilation, reducing the concentration of TNT in the work environment, to strengthen their own protection, is strictly prohibited in the workplace diet.