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将机械球磨后制备的Nd2Fe14B非晶粉末和α-Fe纳米晶粉末分别采用2种方法制备纳米复相Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe永磁体。第1种方法是直接将其冷压制坯、真空包套和热挤压制备永磁体。第2种方法是先将Nd2Fe14B晶化,然后冷压制坯、真空包套和热挤压制备永磁体。利用TEM、VSM等分析手段对比研究了2种方法制备永磁体的相对密度、微观组织以及磁性能。结果表明:在相同的工艺参数下,第1种方法制备永磁体不仅可以减少工序,而且其制备的永磁体综合性能均优于第2种方法,其制备永磁体的相对密度为98.24%;Nd2Fe14B和α-Fe的晶粒尺寸分别为60和80nm;磁性能达到:Br=0.98T,Hci=305.6kA/m,和(BH)m=89.8kJ/m3。
The Nd2Fe14B / α-Fe nanocomposite magnets were prepared by mechanical milling of Nd2Fe14B amorphous powders and α-Fe nanocrystalline powders by two methods respectively. The first method is to directly cold-press the blank, vacuum envelope and hot extrusion to prepare the permanent magnet. The second method is to first Nd2Fe14B crystallization, and then cold pressing the blank, vacuum envelope and hot extrusion of permanent magnets. The relative density, microstructure and magnetic properties of the two kinds of permanent magnets were studied by TEM, VSM and other analytical methods. The results show that the first method can not only reduce the number of steps but also improve the overall performance of the permanent magnets prepared by the first method compared with the second method. The relative density of the prepared permanent magnets is 98.24%. Nd2Fe14B And α-Fe were 60 and 80 nm, respectively; the magnetic properties were: Br = 0.98T, Hci = 305.6kA / m and (BH) m = 89.8kJ / m3.