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验证两条平行的直线电流间存在相互作用力的实验和验证楞次定律的实验,都是中学物理教学中重要的演示实验。目前这两个实验的装置和做法都有一定的缺点,实验现象不够显著。例如,演示平行直线电流相互作用的仪器是用两条单根铜丝插在水银槽中制成的。由于水银槽是外露的,所以仪器搬动不便;而且因为用的是单根铜丝,电流之间的相互作用力较小,特别是同向电流的吸引现象几乎看不到。又如验证楞次定律的实验,教材上介绍的做法是手拿条形磁铁,迅速插入金属环中。由于金属环较小,又是悬在支架上(参看
The experiment of verifying the existence of the interaction force between two parallel linear currents and the experiment of verifying Lenz's law are all important demonstration experiments in the physics teaching of middle school. At present, the devices and methods of these two experiments all have certain disadvantages, and the experimental phenomenon is not significant enough. For example, an instrument that demonstrates the interaction of parallel linear currents is made by inserting two single copper wires into a mercury cell. Since the mercury tank is exposed, the instrument is inconvenient to move; furthermore, since it uses a single copper wire, the interaction between the currents is small, and in particular, the attracting phenomenon with the same current is hardly seen. Another example is the verification of Lenz's law experiment, the teaching material is introduced on the practice of holding a bar magnet, quickly inserted into the metal ring. Due to the smaller metal ring, it is suspended in the bracket (see