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目的探讨不同特征脑力劳动者的职业紧张和工作能力的变化。方法采用工作紧张测量量表(Job Stress Survey,JSS)和工作能力指数表(Work Ability Index,WAI),测量某市1 363名脑力劳动者的职业紧张水平和工作能力,并探讨职业紧张与工作能力的关系。结果①职业紧张水平:男性高于女性(P<0.01);工龄<10 a者高于工龄>10 a者(P<0.01)。②工作能力:工龄<10 a者好于工龄>10 a者(P<0.01);文化程度本科及以上者好于本科以下者(P<0.05)。③汉族与少数民族职工职业紧张水平和工作能力差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。④不同职业紧张分组,工作能力得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。工作紧张指数、工作压力指数、组织支持缺乏指数与工作能力呈负相关(r=-0.14,r=-0.11,r=-0.12;P<0.01);随着各项紧张指数的增加,工作能力有所下降。结论性别、工龄是脑力劳动者的职业紧张影响因素;工龄、文化程度、职业紧张水平是脑力劳动者工作能力的影响因素。紧张水平增加,工作能力下降。
Objective To explore the changes of occupational stress and working ability of mental workers with different characteristics. Methods The Job Stress Survey (JSS) and Work Ability Index (WAI) were used to measure the occupational stress level and work ability of 1 363 mental workers in a certain city and to explore the relationship between occupational stress and work Ability of the relationship. Results ① Occupational stress level was higher in males than females (P <0.01); those in males <10 years were higher than males> 10 years (P <0.01). ② ability to work: the length of service <10 a was better than the length of service> 10 a (P <0.01); bachelor degree or above were better than undergraduate (P <0.05). ③ There was no significant difference in occupational stress level and working ability among Han nationality and minority nationality people (P> 0.05). (4) There were significant differences in scores of working ability among different occupational stress groups (P <0.01). The work stress index, work stress index, lack of organizational support index and work ability were negatively correlated (r = -0.14, r = -0.11, r = -0.12; P <0.01). With the increase of various stress indexes, Decline. Conclusions Gender and seniority are the influencing factors of occupational stress in mental workers. The length of service, educational level and occupational stress are the influencing factors of working ability of mental workers. Tension increased, work ability decreased.