论文部分内容阅读
目的了解某铅锌冶炼污染区儿童血铅水平及血铁、锌、钙、铜、镁金属元素水平。方法采用单纯随机抽样和整群抽样结合的方法分别抽取暴露区和对照区儿童374名和228名,采集儿童血液样品,使用ICP-MS进行血铅、锌、钙、铜、镁检测,原子吸收分光光度计进行血铁检测。结果暴露区和对照区儿童血铅、铁、锌、铜4种金属元素中位数分别为178.67μg/L、412.60 mg/L、5.30mg/L、0.87 mg/L和67.38μg/L、380.40 mg/L、5.08mg/L、0.78mg/L;暴露区儿童血铅、铁、锌、铜水平高于对照区(P<0.05),血钙水平略低于对照区(分别为52.88mg/L和53.47 mg/L,P<0.05),血镁水平之间的差异无统计学意义(分别为37.49 mg/L和37.27 mg/L,P>0.05);暴露区和对照区儿童血铅超标率(≥100μg/L)分别为94.12%(352/374)和10.96%(25/228),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。按年龄和性别分层,暴露区儿童血铅水平显著高于对照区;除37岁组血镁水平略低于对照区外,血铁、锌、钙、铜、镁元素水平并不低于对照区。对照区中,3~7岁儿童血铅水平略高于8~14岁儿童,但男、女童血铅水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);暴露区中,男童血铅水平高于女童,8~14岁儿童血铅水平略高于3~7岁儿童组。结论铅锌冶炼污染可导致周边儿童血铅水平显著升高,但儿童在高血铅水平状态下,血液铁、锌、钙、铜、镁5种二价金属元素水平尚无明显下降。
Objective To understand the levels of blood lead and the levels of iron, zinc, calcium, copper and magnesium in children contaminated by lead and zinc smelting. Methods A total of 374 children and 228 children were enrolled in this study. The blood samples were taken from children in exposed and control areas. Blood lead, zinc, calcium, copper and magnesium were detected by ICP-MS. Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Photometer blood iron test. Results The median of four metal elements in lead, iron, zinc and copper in the exposed area and the control area were 178.67μg / L, 412.60mg / L, 5.30mg / L, 0.87mg / L and 67.38μg / L, 380.40 (P <0.05), blood calcium level was slightly lower than that of the control group (52.88 mg / L, 5.08 mg / L and 0.78 mg / L respectively) L and 53.47 mg / L, respectively, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in blood magnesium levels between the two groups (37.49 mg / L and 37.27 mg / L, respectively; P> 0.05) The rates (≥100μg / L) were 94.12% (352/374) and 10.96% (25/228), respectively, with statistical significance (P <0.05). The levels of blood lead, zinc, calcium, copper and magnesium in exposed area were significantly higher than those in control area except for the level of serum magnesium in 37-year-old group Area. Blood lead levels in children aged 3 to 7 years were slightly higher than those in children aged 8 to 14 in the control group, but there was no significant difference in blood lead levels among boys and girls (P> 0.05) Girls, children aged 8 to 14, had slightly higher levels of blood lead than children aged 3 to 7 years. Conclusion Lead and zinc smelting pollution can lead to a significant increase in blood lead levels in peripheral children. However, there is no significant decrease in the levels of five divalent metal elements such as iron, zinc, calcium, copper and magnesium in children with elevated blood lead levels.