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胆道系统和胆汁在系统内的流动情况,从生物力学的角度可视为完整的复杂的动力学系统。彻底弄清这一系统的特性将有助于对部分胆道结石的成因和某些胆道疾病的病因作出理论解释,也有助于对胆道疾病的诊断和治疗方法提出一种研究方向。我们对狗的肝外胆道系统在麻醉状态下进行了压力测定。并在外力灌注条件下,对流体流经胆管,胆囊、赫氏瓣和奥狄氏括约肌时的压力,进行了测定。对胆道系统中各个环节,在压力作用下的工作情况作了初步探讨。 实验得知,狗在麻醉状态下,腹腔压力为31毫米水柱左右,胆囊压力为95毫米水柱左右,总胆管压力为137毫米水柱左右。胆汁从胆囊流向总胆管(胆囊排空)以及胆汁由总胆管流向胆囊(胆囊充盈)胆囊管的赫氏瓣开放压力是有明显差别的。前者开启压力为208±31毫米水柱,后者为59±33毫米水柱,其压力相差3.5倍。说明赫氏瓣对于胆汁流动有好的控制作用。胆汁能很方便地进入胆囊储存,而只有在胆囊强力收缩时,胆汁才能排空。奥狄氏括约肌正向开启压力(胆汁由总管流入十二指肠在350至550毫米水柱之间,若企图反向开放奥狄氏括约肌,我们将十二指肠压力升至测3200毫米水柱时也毫无反应。这样奥狄氏括约肌能有效地防止十二指肠内容物倒流入总胆管,也保护了肝细胞不受肠内高压的影响。 实验对胆
Biliary system and bile flow in the system, from the biomechanical point of view can be regarded as a complete and complex kinetic system. A thorough understanding of the characteristics of this system will help to explain the causes of some biliary stones and the etiology of certain biliary diseases and also provide a research direction for the diagnosis and treatment of biliary diseases. We measured the pressure of the extrahepatic biliary tract of the dog under anesthesia. The pressure of the fluid passing through the bile duct, gallbladder, Hochschlein flap and Oddi’s sphincter was measured under external force infusion. The bile duct system in all aspects, under the pressure of the work made a preliminary discussion. Experiments show that dogs under anesthesia, intraperitoneal pressure of about 31 mm of water, gallbladder pressure of about 95 mm of water, the total bile duct pressure of about 137 mm of water. The flow of bile from the gallbladder to the common bile duct (emptying of the gallbladder) and the flow of bile from the common bile duct to the gallbladder (filling of the gallbladder) are clearly different. The former open pressure of 208 ± 31 mm water column, which is 59 ± 33 mm water column, the pressure difference of 3.5 times. Hoch’s valve for the control of bile flow has a good effect. Bile can easily enter the gallbladder storage, and only in the strong contraction of the gallbladder, to empty the bile. Orthopedic sphincter positive opening pressure (bile flow into the duodenum by the Explorer between 350 and 550 mmHg, in an attempt to open the Oddi sphincter reverse, we will increase the duodenal pressure measuring 3200 mm water column There is no response so that the Oddi sphincter can effectively prevent the duodenal contents back into the common bile duct, but also protect the hepatocytes from the intestinal high pressure impact of experimental gallbladder