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选用15份我国不同生态区的普通小麦品种（系）及9份不同国家的斯卑尔脱小麦品种（系），利用微卫星分子标记对小麦种间、品种（系）问遗传差异进行了研究，探讨扩大杂交小麦育种亲本遗传基础的途径。所利用的18对微卫星引物在24份材料中均有扩增产物，共扩增出分子星小于500bp的条带495条，其中479条带（占96．78％）具有多态性，平均每个引物可扩增出26．6条多态性带。研究发现，9份斯卑尔脱小安徽卫星多态性（69．37％）略高于15份普通小麦（66．60％）。利用479条多态性带计算的遗传距离显示，斯卑尔脱小麦与普通小麦间的遗传距离平均为0．6517两者存在较大遗传差异。聚类结果显示，微卫星分子标记可将斯卑尔脱小麦与普通小麦明显划为两大不同类群。首次利用微卫星分子标记对斯卑尔脱小麦的遗传差异进行研究，从研究结果得出，利用微卫星标记可以将亲缘关系很近的品种鉴别出来。由于斯卑尔脱小麦与普通小麦之间存在较大的遗传差异，两者之间种间杂种一代育性基本正常，可以用来扩大杂交小麦亲本的遗传基础，提高小麦的杂种优势幅度。
15 common wheat cultivars (lines) and 9 Spelled wheat cultivars (lines) from different ecotypes in China were selected to study the genetic differences among wheat varieties and lines using microsatellite markers , Explore ways to expand the genetic basis of hybrid wheat breeding parents. Eighteen pairs of microsatellite primers were used to amplify the amplified products from 24 materials, 495 bands with molecular size less than 500bp were amplified, of which 479 bands (96.78%) were polymorphic with the average Each primer can amplify 26.6 polymorphic bands. The study found that nine Spirulina Anhui satellite polymorphisms (69.37%) were slightly higher than 15 common wheat (66.60%). The genetic distances calculated using 479 polymorphic bands showed that the average genetic distance between Spelled and wheat was 0.6517, which showed a large genetic difference. Cluster analysis showed that microsatellite markers could be used to classify Spelled wheat and common wheat into two distinct groups. For the first time, microsatellite markers were used to study the genetic differences of Spelled’s wheat. The results showed that the use of microsatellite markers can identify the closely related species. Because of the large genetic difference between Spelled and ordinary wheat, the intergenerational crossbred between the two generations is basically normal and can be used to expand the genetic basis of hybrid wheat parents and improve the heterosis range of wheat.