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目的:观察组胺对穴位处肥大细胞的激活作用,以及其引起的类似针刺的镇痛效应,讨论穴位注射疗法可能存在的机制。方法:SD大鼠60只,随机分为空白对照组、模型组、生理盐水对照组、手针组和组胺注射组。大鼠左踝关节腔注射完全弗氏佐剂0.05 mL制作佐剂性关节炎模型。测量各组痛阈变化,并对穴位组织进行组织学观察,统计肥大细胞脱颗粒率。比较在“足三里”穴位注射100μg/mL的组胺溶液50μL和手针刺激20 min下的镇痛效应的差异性。结果:组胺注射和手针针刺,都能提高大鼠的痛阈达到镇痛效果,与模型组相比治疗后痛阈都有显著提高(P<0.01)。组胺引起的肥大细胞脱颗粒率与生理盐水相比明显增高(P<0.01),与针刺相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:在佐剂性关节炎大鼠模型中,组胺可以引起穴位处肥大细胞脱颗粒,产生与针刺类似的镇痛效应。以刺激肥大细胞为目的的新型穴位注射疗法存在可行性。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of histamine on the activation of mast cells at acupoints and the analgesic effects caused by similar acupuncture, and to discuss the possible mechanism of acupuncture. Methods: Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group, model group, saline control group, acupuncture group and histamine injection group. Adjuvant arthritis model was established by injecting 0.05 mL complete Freund’s adjuvant into the left ankle joint of rats. The changes of pain threshold were measured in each group. Histological observation was made on the acupoints, and the degranulation rate of mast cells was counted. The difference in analgesic effect between 50 μL histamine solution 100 μg / mL and 20 min stimulation by hand acupuncture at “Zusanli” point injection was compared. Results: Histamine injection and acupuncture of hand needles both improved the analgesic effect of pain threshold in rats. Compared with the model group, the pain threshold increased significantly (P <0.01). Histamine-induced mast cell degranulation rate was significantly increased compared with saline (P <0.01), and there was no significant difference compared with acupuncture (P> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Histamine can cause degranulation of mast cells at the acupoints in an adjuvant arthritis rat model, producing analgesic effects similar to acupuncture. A new type of acupuncture for the purpose of stimulating mast cells is feasible.