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生育是婚姻的重要目的。特别是象传统中国这样的社会,生育(尤其是生育男性后代)可以说是婚姻最主要的目的。这一点不仅体现在传统中国主要意识形态(儒家)的婚姻观上,也体现在人们在实际缔结婚姻过程中的许多习俗之中。中原地区的许多婚俗与生育有关,故可将这些婚俗称之为“生育婚俗”。本文旨在描述这些习俗并分析其社会文化功能。考察个案选在西村。该村位于河南省开封市东南32.5公里,南距开(封)一杞(县)公路6公里,北距陇海铁路20公里,惠济河在村南流过。人口2213人(1997年农业普查),居住着项、孔、杨、刘、杜,姚等15个族姓。中原地区是中华文化的重要发祥地,民俗源远流长。宋人孟元老《东京梦华录》较详细记载了当时该地区的婚俗。由于交通较闭塞,西村基本上保持了传统村落社会的特征,故对该村生育婚俗的分析或许可以为理解中国传统文化提供某些帮助。
Fertility is an important purpose of marriage. Especially in societies such as traditional China, fertility, especially the birth of male offspring, can be said to be the primary purpose of marriage. This is reflected not only in the marriage concept of the main ideology (Confucianism) in traditional China but also in the many customs that people practice in the process of marriage. Many marriage customs in the Central Plains area are related to procreation, so these marriage customs can be called “procreation marriage customs.” This article aims to describe these customs and analyze their socio-cultural functions. Investigate the case selected in the West Village. The village is located 32.5 km southeast of Kaifeng City, Henan Province, south distance (seal) a Qi (county) highway 6 km north of Longhai Railway 20 km, Huiji River flows south in the village. The population of 2213 people (1997 Agricultural Census), living with items, holes, Yang, Liu, Du, Yao and other 15 family names. The Central Plains area is an important birthplace of Chinese culture, and folklore has a long history. Song Meng Yuan “Old Mansion in Tokyo” recorded in more detail the customs of the area at that time. Due to the relatively closed traffic, Xicun basically maintained the characteristics of traditional village society. Therefore, the analysis of the marriage custom in this village may provide some help for understanding the traditional Chinese culture.