论文部分内容阅读
目的了解新疆哈萨克族居民膳食营养与健康状况,为制定营养改善策略提供科学依据。方法采用3 d 24 h膳食回顾法和称重法,对新疆沙湾地区牛圈子牧场1 628名≥18岁常住哈萨克族居民进行膳食调查和医学体检。结果哈萨克族居民膳食构成以粮谷类为主,食盐摄入过多,蔬菜水果摄入不足,豆类、蛋类和鱼虾类等食物基本不吃;能量的日均摄入量为11 762.5 kJ,蛋白质为103.8 g,占供能的14.2%;脂肪为50.3 g,占供能的16.2%;碳水化合物为485.0 g,占供能的69%;膳食纤维和微量营养素低于参考摄入量;动物性食物提供的蛋白质占33.5%,提供的脂肪占54.2%;高血压患病率为39.7%,超重为26.2%,肥胖为27.7%。结论膳食结构不合理、能量过剩、微量元素不足、高血压、超重和肥胖已成为影响哈萨克族居民健康的重要因素,应加强对居民的营养干预和健康教育,预防相关疾病的发生。
Objective To understand the dietary nutrition and health status of Kazakh residents in Xinjiang and to provide a scientific basis for formulating nutritional improvement strategies. Methods A dietary survey and medical examination were conducted on 1 628 resident Kazakh residents aged 18 or older in Niuzhao pasture in Xinjiang in the 3 d 24 h diet review and weighing method. Results The dietary composition of Kazakh residents mainly consisted of cereals. There was too much salt intake and inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables. The daily consumption of beans, eggs and fish and shrimp basically did not eat. The daily energy intake was 11 762.5 kJ , Protein 103.8 g, accounting for 14.2% of energy supply; fat 50.3 g, accounting for 16.2% of energy supply; carbohydrate 485.0 g, accounting for 69% of energy supply; dietary fiber and micronutrients lower than the reference intake; Animal foods provided 33.5% of the protein, 54.2% of the fat provided, the prevalence of hypertension was 39.7%, the overweight 26.2%, and the obesity 27.7%. Conclusion Irrational diet, excess energy, inadequate trace elements, high blood pressure, overweight and obesity have become important factors affecting the health of Kazakh residents. Nutritional interventions, health education and prevention of related diseases should be strengthened.