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《孙子》的名言“知己知彼,百战不殆”,许多旧小说里常引作“知己知彼,百战百胜”。改动两个字,话似乎更加动听,其实却改错了,而且错得厉害。指挥作战,既了解自己一方,又了解敌人一方,根据了解得很清楚了的情况,采取恰当的措施,做到“不:殆”(即不致处于危险的境况,不致造成失败)是可能的;但保证“百胜”却不可能。因为决定战争的胜负,除了了解双方的情况、指挥正确以外,还受力量的对比、形势的利否等客观条件的制约。因此掌握了情况,加上指挥无误,可以做到“不殆”,却不一定就能“百胜”。《孙子》的原话是符合辩证法的,改易两个字就成为形而上学的了。
The famous saying of “grandchildren” “knowing oneself and knowing oneself and keeping oneself from knowing oneself and fighting each other without fail” is often cited in many old novels as “knowing oneself and knowing oneself and being victorious.” If you change two words, the words seem to be more beautiful, but in fact they have been changed wrongly, and it is very wrong. In commanding operations, it is possible to understand both one side and the enemy side, and to take appropriate measures to achieve “no” (ie, not to be in a dangerous situation, not to cause failure) based on clearly understood circumstances; But it is impossible to guarantee “Yumsheng.” Because of the decision on the outcome of the war, in addition to understanding both sides of the situation and the correctness of the command, they are also constrained by objective conditions such as the comparison of strength and the status of interest. Therefore, having mastered the situation and adding the correctness of command can be achieved by “not blasphemy,” but it is not always possible to “lump.” The original words of “grandchildren” are in line with dialectics, and the change of the two words becomes metaphysical.