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目的:探讨2006年与2001年住院早产儿发病情况和治疗结果等的变化。方法:分析该院新生儿科住院的早产儿2006年178例,2001年133例。结果:2006年与2001年比较,住院早产儿增加了33.83%,显著高于住院新生儿16.64%(108/649)的增幅(χ2=12.77,P<0.01)。早产儿中低出生体重儿的比例由2001年的87.97%显著降低为2006年的76.97%(χ2=6.16,P<0.05)。2006年早产儿肺炎的比例44.95%,显著低于2001年的67.67%(χ2=15.73,P<0.01)。两组之间高胆红素血症等第2～6位常见病的比例没有显著差异(χ2=6.22,P>0.05),2006年自动出院与病死者分别占19.66%和4.49%,与2001年的17.29%和4.51%没有显著差异(χ2=0.93,P>0.05),两组的前3位死因同样是呼吸窘迫综合征,窒息和肺炎。结论:必须重视早产的预防与早产儿的治疗,继续降低早产儿中低出生体重儿的比例,加强肺炎和高胆红素血症等的防治,避免或减少早产儿自动出院,从而减少早产儿的患病率与死亡率。
Objective: To investigate the incidence of hospitalized premature infants and treatment outcomes in 2006 and 2001. Methods: 178 cases of premature infants hospitalized in neonatal department of this hospital in 2006 were analyzed, and in 133 cases in 2001. Results: Compared with 2001, the number of preterm infants in hospital increased by 33.83%, significantly higher than that of inpatients (χ2 = 12.77, P <0.01) 16.64% (108/649). The proportion of low birth weight infants in preterm infants was significantly reduced from 87.97% in 2001 to 76.97% in 2006 (χ2 = 6.16, P <0.05). The proportion of pneumonia in premature infants in 2006 was 44.95%, significantly lower than 67.67% in 2001 (χ2 = 15.73, P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the proportion of common diseases such as hyperbilirubinemia among the two groups (χ2 = 6.22, P> 0.05) between the two groups in 19.66% and 4.49% respectively in 2006 and 2001 respectively There was no significant difference between 17.29% and 4.51% in year (χ2 = 0.93, P> 0.05). The first three causes of death in the two groups were also respiratory distress syndrome, asphyxia and pneumonia. Conclusion: It is necessary to pay attention to the prevention of premature birth and the treatment of premature infants, continue to reduce the proportion of low birth weight infants in preterm infants, strengthen the prevention and treatment of pneumonia and hyperbilirubinemia, avoid or reduce the discharge of premature infants, thus reducing premature infants Prevalence and mortality.