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目的 探讨传染性非典型肺炎 [严重急性呼吸综合征 (SARS) ]医院感染的传播途径。方法 选择北京市某综合性医院 3月 2～ 31日期间收治和医院感染的 1 0例SARS病例 ,进行个案调查和发病所在科室的流行病学侦查。结果 (1 )发病病例的地理分布主要集中在住院大楼西单元的5个楼层的 4、5号病房 ,住院患者多数年龄较大且合并较严重的基础病 ;(2 )输入性病例是导致医院感染的第一代传染源 ,医院内继发感染的住院者是进一步扩散蔓延的第二批传染源 ,同时不排除隐性带病毒者 (曾密切接触SARS病例而未发病者 )作为潜在传染源的可能 ;(3)资料分析结果支持近距离飞沫传播和密切接触传播为该次SARS医院感染的主要传播途径 ,同时还提示 :存在气溶胶 (飞沫核 )经病房排风系统垂直长距离传播的可能性。结论 医院感染是SARS流行初期的主要形式。其传播途径除近距离飞沫传播和密切接触外 ,应进一步收集和积累是否存在气溶胶 (或飞沫核 )长距离传播的流行病学和实验科学证据
Objective To investigate the transmission of nosocomial infections in SARS [Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)]. Methods A total of 10 cases of SARS admitted to a general hospital in Beijing from March 2 to March 31 were selected for case investigation and epidemiological investigation. Results (1) The geographic distribution of the cases mainly concentrated in the Ward Nos. 4 and 5 of the 5 floors of the West Unit of Hospitalization. Most of the patients in the hospital were found to have the basic disease which was older and merged more seriously. (2) Infected first-generation sources of infection and hospital-acquired secondary infections are the second source of infection that further spread and spread, while not excluding those with latent virus (those who have had close contact with SARS but have not), as potential sources of infection (3) The results of the data analysis support the transmission of close-spaced droplets and close contact transmission as the main route of transmission for nosocomial infections in this SARS hospital. At the same time, it is also suggested that aerosol (droplet nucleus) Spread the possibility. Conclusion Hospital infection is the main form of SARS epidemic. In addition to its transmission routes close to the spread of droplets and close contact, should further collect and accumulate the existence of aerosol (or droplets of nuclear) long-distance transmission of epidemiological and experimental evidence