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十八世纪初,一个名叫孟迪维尔(Bernard Mandeville)的英国医生写了一首题为《蜜蜂的寓言》的讽喻诗.这首诗叙述了一群蜜蜂的兴衰史:最初,蜜蜂们追求豪华奢侈的生活,大肆挥霍浪费,结果社会兴旺,百业昌盛.后来,它们改变了原有的习惯,放弃奢侈的生活,崇尚节俭朴素,结果社会凋蔽,经济衰落,终于被敌手打败而逃散.这首诗所宣扬的“浪费有功”的思想在当时受到指责.英国中塞克斯郡大陪审团委员们就曾宣判它为有碍公众视听的败类作品.但是,二百多年之后,这部使孟迪维尔声名狼藉的作品却启迪了凯恩斯,使凯恩
In the early eighteenth century, a British doctor named Bernard Mandeville wrote an allegory poem titled “A Bee's Fable.” This poem describes the rise and fall of a group of bees: Initially, bees pursued luxury After all, they changed their habits, abandoned extravagant life, advocated simplicity of frugality, the result of social subjugation, the economic decline, and finally defeated by enemy rivals to flee. This is the result of social prosperity, prosperous business. The poem, “Wasted and Wrong,” preached by the poem, was criticized at the time. Members of the Great Central Sussex jury in the United Kingdom had ruled it scum disobedient to the public, but more than two hundred years later, The infamous work that has impressed Mengdiville has inspired Keynes to make Kane