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目的揭示操作者保持态势了解(态势感知)所依赖的记忆过程,并研究短时工作记忆和长时工作记忆与态势了解之间的关系。方法在测量熟练受试者与新手受试者的言语与空间工作记忆广度、长时工作记忆技能和态势了解的基础上,建立态势了解对空间和言语工作记忆广度、长时工作记忆技能的分层回归模型。结果熟练受试者的长时工作记忆技能、空间工作记忆广度以及二者的乘积都能有效地预测态势了解,空间工作记忆广度对态势了解的影响随着长时工作记忆技能的增加而减少。新手受试者的空间和言语工作记忆广度能有效地预测态势了解。结论短时工作记忆和长时工作记忆在态势了解保持过程中发挥着重要作用,操作者的任务经验越丰富,保持态势了解对短时工作记忆的依赖程度就越弱,对长时工作记忆的依赖程度则越强。
The purpose of this study is to reveal the memory process in which operators maintain their situational awareness (situational awareness) and to study the relationship between short-term working memory and long-term working memory and situational awareness. Methods On the basis of measuring the breadth of speech and space working memory, long-term working memory skills and situation of experienced subjects and novice subjects, this paper established a trend understanding of spatial and verbal working memory breadth, long-term working memory skills Layer regression model. Results Long-term working memory skills, spatial working memory breadth and the product of the two were all able to predict the situation effectively. The influence of spatial working memory breadth on situational awareness decreased with the increase of long-term working memory skills. The breadth of newcomers’ subjects and the breadth of verbal working memory can effectively predict the situation. Conclusion Short-term working memory and long-term working memory play an important role in understanding and maintaining the situation. The richer and experienced the operator, the weaker the dependence on short-term working memory. The greater the degree of dependence.