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土的物理性质指标用以反映土的各相组分体积之间、重量(或质量)之间、以及重量和体积之间相互比例或数量关系。土的物性指标包括孔隙率、孔隙比、饱和度、含水量、比重、容重、饱和容重、干容重、浮容重、密度、饱和密度、干密度和浮密度共十三个。在已知某几个指标后,其它指标可用换算公式计算,当然,一般已知指标是可以直接测定的比重、容重和含水量。本文的目的,是采用图解法进行指标换算,以避免对换算公式的记忆或推求。十三个指标中,密度类指标容易从容重类指标转换,浮容重也容易从饱和容重求出,所以基本指标只有八个:用 V、V(?)、V(?)、V(?)和 V(?)分别表示一定土的总体积、孔隙体积、气相体积、液相体积和固相体积;用 W、W(?)和 W(?)分别表示 V 体积土体的总重量、液相重量和固相重量。八个基本指标的
The physical property index of the soil is used to reflect the proportion or the quantity relationship between the volume fractions, the weights (or masses), and the weights and volumes of the components of the soil. Soil physical properties include porosity, porosity ratio, saturation, moisture content, specific gravity, bulk density, saturated bulk density, dry bulk density, floating bulk density, density, saturated density, dry density, and flotation density. After a certain number of indicators are known, other indicators can be calculated using a conversion formula. Of course, generally known indicators are the specific gravity, bulk density and moisture content that can be directly measured. The purpose of this paper is to use graphic methods for index conversion to avoid remembering or deducing the conversion formula. Of the thirteen indexes, the density index is easily converted to the weight index, and the floating weight is also easily obtained from the saturated weight. Therefore, the basic index is only eight: V, V(?), V(?), V(?) And V(?) represent the total volume, pore volume, gas phase volume, liquid volume and solid volume of a certain soil, respectively; the total weight and volume of the V volume soil are represented by W, W(?) and W(?), respectively. Phase weight and solid phase weight. Eight basic indicators