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目的探讨云南省印度囊棒恙螨在不同宿主、不同地域及其不同生境的分布情况。方法选择云南省19个县(市)进行现场调查,用鼠笼加食饵诱捕小兽,收集其双侧耳廓和外耳道的恙螨幼虫,用Hoyer’s液封片后在显微镜下逐一分类鉴定到种。统计不同恙螨种类、构成比及其在对应寄生宿主的染螨率和螨指数,分析其在不同宿主体表和不同地域、生境的分布情况。结果调查19个县(市)共采集到印度囊棒恙螨1267只,占采集到所有恙螨的1.36%;相对于云南省其它主要恙螨种,印度囊棒恙螨宿主特异性高,仅在7种3224只小兽体表有分布,且94.40%寄生在黄胸鼠体表。从地域分布来看,19个县(市)中6个县(市)有印度囊棒恙螨分布,主要集中在云南省南部和中西部。从生境来看,印度囊棒恙螨喜活动于坝区的房屋周围生境。结论印度囊棒恙螨分布于云南省南部和中西部的坝区房屋周围生境,且集中寄生于黄胸鼠(恙虫病主要宿主动物)体表。
Objective To investigate the distribution of chigger mites in different hosts, different regions and their habitats in Yunnan Province, China. Methods Nineteen counties in Yunnan Province were selected for field investigation. Small animals were captured by squirrels and baits, and chigger mite larvae were collected from the bilateral auricles and external auditory meatus. . Statistics were made on the species and composition ratio of different chigger mites and the dyed mite rate and mite index of the corresponding parasitic hosts. The distributions of their habitats on different body surfaces and in different regions were analyzed. Results A total of 1267 chigger mites were collected from 19 counties (cities) in China, accounting for 1.36% of all chigger mites collected from other major chigger mites in Yunnan Province. In 7 kinds of 3224 small mammals are distributed, and 94.40% parasitized in the body of the yellow rat. In terms of geographical distribution, there are 6 cholera mites distributed in 6 counties (cities) in 19 counties (cities), mainly in southern Yunnan and central and western Yunnan. From the habitat point of view, India capsule chigger mite hi activities around the dam habitat. Conclusion Chigger mite is distributed in the habitats around the houses in the south and midwest of Yunnan Province and is parasitized mainly on the surface of the rodent (the main host animal of scrub typhus).