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如果说,可以将弗洛伊德、尼采和马克思在探寻人类动力源泉方面进行比较的话,我们大致上可以认为,弗洛伊德和尼采是向内转,往个体内部去寻找生生不息的动力源泉:弗洛伊德从生理本能的力比多出发,形成了本我、自我与超我的概念把握,并依靠进攻性、负罪感、良心等概念解释了人的力量之源,并将之类推到整个人类社会,从而阐述了他本我与超我、欲望与秩序的博弈与平衡观点,解决了自由与秩序的两难困境,使原始的本能与秩序在互动与平衡中产生了推动人类社会活动的力量。马克思则以实践哲学为人类的动力注入了强劲活力,并试图打破主体哲学的自我关涉困境。
If we can compare Freud, Nietzsche and Marx in their search for sources of human power, we can generally assume that Freud and Nietzsche are inwardly motivated and internally motivated Source: Freud from the physical instinct of more than force, formed the concept of self, self and super grasp, and rely on offensive, guilt, conscience and other concepts to explain the source of human power, and will To the whole of human society, thus elaborating the game and balance viewpoint between himself and ourselves, desire and order, and resolving the dilemma of freedom and order so that the primitive instincts and order have resulted in the interaction between human beings The power of social activities. Marx has injected strong vitality into the motivation of mankind by practical philosophy, and tried to break the dilemma of self-denotation of subject philosophy.