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目的:分析影响产妇选择硬膜外分娩镇痛的因素。方法:400例经阴道分娩的初产妇,其中选择和未选择硬膜外分娩镇痛的产妇各200例,分别设为镇痛组和非镇痛组。对两组产妇进行疼痛程度、身体因素、心理和社会因素等项目的调查和对比分析。结果:镇痛组在产程潜伏期疼痛达到难以忍受的产妇比率显著高于非镇痛组(P<0.05);镇痛组的产妇体重和新生儿体重均大于非镇痛组(P<0.05);产妇恐惧产痛的比率、受教育程度、城市户口的比率,以及主动获取分娩镇痛知识的比率,镇痛组高于非镇痛组(P<0.05);产妇担忧分娩镇痛安全性的比率,顾虑硬膜外镇痛费用的比率,非镇痛组高于镇痛组(P<0.05)。镇痛组产妇的满意度达98%。结论:产妇是否选择硬膜外分娩镇痛不仅受疼痛程度和身体因素的影响,还受心理、社会因素的影响。完善的镇痛技术、有效的宣传方式、合理的收费标准可以使更多产妇享受到分娩镇痛服务。
Objective: To analyze the factors influencing maternal selection of epidural analgesia. Methods: 400 cases of vaginal delivery of primipara, with and without the choice of epidural labor analgesia of the maternal 200 cases were divided into analgesic group and non-analgesic group. The two groups of maternal pain levels, physical factors, psychological and social factors such as the project investigation and comparative analysis. Results: In the analgesic group, the maternal rate of unbearable pain in the latent period of labor was significantly higher than that of the non - analgesic group (P <0.05). The weight of maternal and neonatal body weight in the analgesic group were higher than those in the non - analgesic group (P <0.05). The rate of maternal fear of labor pain, education level, the ratio of city hukou, and the rate of active access to labor analgesia were higher in the analgesic group than in the non-analgesic group (P <0.05). The ratio of maternal fears of labor analgesia safety , The ratio of cost of epidural analgesia was higher than that of analgesia group (P <0.05). Analgesia group maternal satisfaction rate of 98%. Conclusion: Whether or not a woman chooses epidural analgesia is not only affected by the degree of pain and physical factors, but also by psychological and social factors. Improve the analgesic technology, effective advocacy, reasonable fees can make more women enjoy labor analgesic services.