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本文对比了汉语和学生本族语两种语言之间的关系,分析学习中的困难,确定了教学的难点和重点,提出应该避免本族语的干扰,注意转移语言经验。教师利用本族语时要注意其与汉语的比较,做翻译练习、讲解抽象概念时可用其辅助教学,同时要尽量用汉语教汉语,限制使用本族语。在学习汉语时留学生已熟练掌握本族语,习惯于用本族语进行思维,接受新事物,理解新问题。他们在学习汉语的时候,教师该如何看待和处理本族语的运用,是对外汉语教学中的一个重要问题。
This paper compares the relationship between Chinese and students’ native languages, analyzes the difficulties in learning, determines the difficulties and focuses of teaching, and proposes that we should avoid the interference of native languages and pay attention to the transfer of language experience. Teachers should pay more attention to their comparisons with Chinese when using their native language, and do some translation exercises to explain their abstract concepts when teaching them. At the same time, teachers should try to use Chinese to teach Chinese and limit the use of native language. In learning Chinese students are proficient in native languages, used to thinking in native languages, accepting new things and understanding new problems. When they are learning Chinese, how teachers should treat and handle the use of native language is an important issue in TCFL teaching.