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目的通过分析16S rDNA 551bp基因序列,鉴定常见嗜尸性蝇类种属。方法随机采集17个地区放置于室外草地的家兔尸体上7个种24只嗜尸性苍蝇样本,经形态学鉴定种类后,提取胸肌DNA,对16S rDNA 551bp基因片段进行PCR扩增,产物纯化、测序后上传GenBank;利用MEGA 4.0软件构建序列间的系统发育树,分析建立种内及种间进化分歧表。结果 24只样本16S rDNA序列分析显示7种蝇类可以较好聚类;其中棕尾别麻蝇种内进化分歧整体均数为2.8%,家蝇为1.5%,丽蝇科的5个种均在0.7%以内。上述7个蝇种的种间进化分歧均数在1.6%～7.1%之间。其中,棕尾别麻蝇、家蝇与其它蝇类的种间分歧均数在4.0%～7.1%之间。结论本文分析结果显示,蝇种间同源性相差明显,采用mtDNA 16S rDNA中551bp基因序列分析,可进行蝇种鉴定。
Objective To identify common species of sarcophagous fly by analyzing the sequence of 16S rDNA 551bp gene. Methods A total of 24 specimens of dead flesh were collected from 17 carcasses of 17 rabbits in outdoor grassland. After the species were identified by morphology, the breast muscle DNA was extracted and the 16S rDNA 551bp gene fragment was amplified by PCR. The product was purified , Sequenced and uploaded into GenBank. The phylogenetic tree between sequences was constructed by MEGA 4.0 software, and the table of intraspecific and interspecies divergence was established. Results 16S rDNA sequence analysis of 24 samples showed that 7 species of flies could cluster well; among them, the overall average divergence within the species was 2.8% and that of housefly was 1.5% 0.7% or less. The average divergence between species in the above seven species was between 1.6% and 7.1%. Among them, the average divergence between Musca domestica, Musca domestica and other flies ranged from 4.0% to 7.1%. Conclusion The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference in the homology between species. The sequence analysis of 551bp in mtDNA 16S rDNA was used to identify fly species.