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1964年10月14至16日,陕西省园艺学会和陕西省果树研究所联合召开了苹果幼树整形修剪座谈会。会议着重对陕西省苹果幼树整形修剪上的各项问题进行了研究讨论。 座谈中大家探讨了苹果树形的演变过程,总结了现有各种树形的优缺点,又根据实地经验和各方面的见解,肯定了当前陕西省苹果应当采用的主要树形为主干疏层形。并且认为在整形时要注意维持树冠各部的均衡生长,控制枝级间的从属关系,充分利用树体所占有的空间和面积;要注意培养树冠结构的主要环节,将主枝、领导干和侧枝的构成放在首要地位。 大家谈到提早结果的关键在于正确运用枝条分工,使辅养枝早日分化花芽,达到既结果又造形的双重目的。幼树阶段,除了构成树冠的骨干部分外,其他枝条都可以辅养枝视之。其中,多数是以长枝结果,其顶芽或腋芽有生成花芽的可能,应加以保留。有些势力旺盛的枝条,可以摘心或环剥的方法促使其变为结果枝。为了促进花芽形成,在夏末木质化时橪捎,或在春季萌芽前圈枝,也有一定效果。 大家指出夏季修剪对树冠构成和提早结果都有十分重要的作用。生长旺盛的植株,骨干枝延长新梢长达55厘米以上时实行剪梢,同时对辅养枝进行摘心,可以促使二次枝的出生,加快整形速度。在新梢萌发以后,对于位置不当、密度过大的萌芽实行抹除。?
October 1964 October 14 to 16, horticultural society in Shaanxi Province and Shaanxi Institute of Fruit jointly held a plastic apple tree pruning seminar. The conference focused on Shaanxi apple tree pruning on the various issues discussed. During the discussion, we discussed the evolution process of apple trees, summarized the advantages and disadvantages of various existing trees, and confirmed the main tree shape that should be adopted by apples in Shaanxi Province as the key layer according to the field experience and various opinions shape. And that in the plastic surgery should pay attention to maintaining the balanced growth of the various branches of the crown, control the affiliation between the branches and levels, take full advantage of the space occupied by trees and area; should pay attention to cultivate the main part of the canopy structure, the main branch, The composition of the top priority. Everyone talked about the key to early results lies in the correct use of branches of division of labor, so that branch early bud differentiation, to achieve both the purpose and the shape of the dual purpose. Sapling stage, in addition to the backbone of the composition of the crown, the other branches can be supplemented by sticks. Among them, the majority is the result of long branches, the buds or axillary buds have the possibility of generating flower buds, should be retained. Some branches with strong spheres can be tricked or circumcised into procrastinating branches. In order to promote the formation of flower buds, when the summer end of lignification take along woody, or sprouting in the spring before the circle, but also have some effect. It was pointed out that summer pruning played a very important role in the composition and early result of the canopy. Growing plants, the backbone of the branches to extend the shoot more than 55 cm long when the implementation of cutting tip, while the supporting branch topping, can promote the birth of secondary branches, speed up the shaping speed. After the shoots germinate, erase the germs that are not properly located and overly dense. ?