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本刊第三期介绍的各种高超音速飞行器发展计划,需要攻克一系列关键技术才能到达成功的彼岸。主要的关键技术有材料与结构、推进技术和空气动力学。通过前一阶段各种高超音速研究计划的实施,在这些关键技术领域,都取得了很大进展,特别是材料领域,进展最大,已接近单级入轨的要求。这也为美国研制单级入轨火箭作好了技术准备。 材料与结构 特别是轻的结构和具有防、抗热能力的结构与材料是发展未来高超音速飞行器的关键要求。一方面,很轻的结构要求材料具有高的对质量的比特性;另一方面,大的结构件必须能在-250-1800℃的温度范围内正常工作。重复使用的高超音速飞行器要求结构更轻、更坚固。在结构优化设计的基础上,结构材料的选用变得更为关键。例如:先进
The publication of the third issue of various hypersonic vehicle development plans, need to overcome a series of key technologies to reach the success of the other side. The main key technologies are material and structure, advanced technology and aerodynamics. Through the implementation of various hypersonic research programs in the previous stage, great progress has been made in these key technical fields, especially in the field of materials, which have made the most progress and are approaching the requirements of a single-stage orbit. This is also a technical preparation for the United States to develop a single-stage orbiting rocket. Materials and structures Especially lightweight structures and structures with anti-heat and heat-resistant materials and materials are key requirements for the development of future hypersonic aircraft. On the one hand, very light structures require materials with high mass to mass ratios; on the other hand, large structures must be able to work properly in the temperature range of -250-1800 ° C. Reusable hypersonic aircraft require lighter and stronger structures. Based on the structural optimization design, the selection of structural materials becomes more critical. For example: advanced