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有一位同志在他介绍自己怎样学习鲁迅的作品的一篇文章里说:“根据鲁迅写文章的规律,如爱用反语、含沙射影等……”。“含沙射影”用在这儿完全错了。 “含沙射影”是成语,也是个典故(没有死掉的典故),从诗经里来的。诗小雅“何人斯”篇有“为鬼为蜮”一句话。解说诗的人说,“蜮”是一种动物,形状像龟,在水里含沙射人。又有人说,“蜮”专射人的影子,影子被它射中了,那是不吉利的。所以“含沙射影”意思是暗中害人,带有贬斥的意味,就是所谓“坏字眼”。鲁迅先生处在军阀及国民党反动派统治时期,言论不自由,所以用冷嘲热讽的杂文形式作战,有些话不能直说,只好暗指,也多用所谓“反语”。但是,那是讽刺,决不可以说是“含沙射影”。
One comrade said in an article introducing how he learned his works of Lu Xun: “According to Lu Xun’s law of writing essays, such as the use of irony and the shadowy ...”. “Shame Projection ” used here completely wrong. “Shame Projective ” is an idiom, but also an allusion (no allusions to death), from the Book of Songs. Poetry Xiaoya “Who Sri Lanka ” articles have “for the ghost to 蜮 ” a word. The commentary of the poet said that “蜮” is an animal that looks like a turtle and contains people in the water. Some people say that the shadow of the “蜮 ” special shooter, it was shot in the shadow, it is not auspicious. So “Shame projective ” means secretly harmful, with the meaning of derogatory, is the so-called “bad words ”. In his remarks during the reign of the warlords and the Kuomintang reactionaries, Mr. Lu Xun was not free to speak out. Therefore, he used cynicism to fight euphemisms. Some of his words can not be directly said and have to be used alluding to the so-called “irony.” However, it is ironic that it can not be said to be “shadowy”.