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目的探明永州市零陵区青少年健康危险行为现况和特点,为制定干预措施提供参考依据。方法采取整群分层随机抽样方法,抽查了5所中学,60个班的学生,用统一内容的调查问卷,学生匿名填写进行调查。结果3046名调查对象中,每天未吃蔬菜、偏食挑食、未吃肉类、豆制品的学生分别为11.2%、27.1%、36.9%;1个月内非安全骑车、非安全横穿公路的学生分别为57.7%、24.4%。18.8%的学生在过去1年内到非安全场所游泳,86.9%的学生1个月内每天运动时间<1h。1年内,有32.0%的学生打过架;18.6%的学生自感孤单郁闷;40.3%和26.3%的学生分别有离家和自杀念头。11.8%的学生一周饮酒>4次;13.0%的学生每天抽烟>1支;5.5%的学生每天上网>4h;38.2%和35.4%的学生分别上网不能自控和上课走神。在偏食挑食、抽烟、饮酒、非安全游泳、非安全爬树、有自杀和离家念头、上网不能自控、上课走神指标中,男女间差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。结论零陵区青少年健康危险行为问题不容忽视,在初、高、职中都应安排必要的心理教育课程,正确引导青少年的生活、习惯等行为。
Objective To explore the status quo and characteristics of health risk behaviors of adolescents in Lingling District of Yongzhou City, and provide reference for the formulation of intervention measures. Methods A stratified stratified random sampling method was adopted. Five middle schools and 60 classes of students were randomly selected. Students were asked to fill in the questionnaire anonymously and fill in the questionnaire anonymously. Results Among the 3046 respondents, students who did not eat vegetables, eaten partial eclipse, eaten meat and soy products were 11.2%, 27.1% and 36.9% respectively every day; unsafe cycling within one month and unsafe crossing roads Students were 57.7%, 24.4% respectively. 18.8% of students swim in unsafe places during the past year, and 86.9% of students have exercised <1h per day for 1 month. Within one year, 32.0% of the students played a leading role; 18.6% of the students feel lonely and depressed; 40.3% and 26.3% of the students left their homes and suicidal thoughts respectively. 11.8% of students a week drinking> 4 times; 13.0% of students a day smoking> 1; 5.5% of students Internet access every day> 4h; 38.2% and 35.4% of the students were not able to control the Internet and go to school. There was a significant difference between male and female in partial eclipse of picky eaters, smoking, drinking, unsafe swimming, unsafe climbing, suicide and thoughts of leaving home. Conclusion The problem of health risk behaviors among young people in Lingling District should not be neglected. Necessary psychological education courses should be arranged in primary, senior and vocational schools to correctly guide young people’s life and habits.