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从结构形体上看,句子有长,有短;结构形体比较长的,称为长句;反之,称为短句。长句可以是单句,也可以是复句,长句有的长达上百字,甚至数百字;短句也可以是单句,或是复句,短句有的只有一个单词。这是就两种句式的极端而言。其实,句子结构形体的长和短,在多数情况下是相对的,并没有绝对的界限。在句子的运用中,一般地说,长句难以驾驭,也容易出错,所以,我们主要谈谈长句。长句为什么长呢?就长单句而言,一是因为构成的成分多;不仅异类成分多,而且同类成分也多。二是因为各种句子成分的构成比较复杂,即不仅有单词,而且南各种类型的词组,甚至是各种句子形式。就复句来说,一是因为分句比较多,二是因为各个分句的结构比较复杂。例如: ①中国人民将会看见,中国的命运一经操在人民自己的手里,中国就将如太阳升起在东方那样,以自己的辉煌的光焰普照大地,迅速地荡涤反动政府留下来的污泥浊水,治好战争的创伤,建设起一个崭新的强盛的名副其实的人民共和国。(《毛泽东选集》第四卷,第1470页) ②当人们坐着汽车,奔驰在那宽广平坦的公路上,看着漫山遍岭的竹木矿藏一天天开发出来,看着一辆辆大卡车满载着井冈山的宝物源源不绝地开下山去,又满载着许多机器和工业品开上山来的时候,当
From the structural point of view, the sentence has a long, short; longer form of the structure, known as the long sentence; the other hand, known as the short sentence. Long sentence can be a single sentence, it can be a complex sentence, long sentences, some up to hundreds of words, or even hundreds of words; short sentences can also be single or complex sentences, some short phrases only one word. This is the extreme of both sentences. In fact, the length and shortness of the sentence structure body are relative in most cases, and there is no absolute limit. In the application of sentences, in general, long sentences are difficult to control and error prone. Therefore, we mainly talk about long sentences. Why is the long sentence? For long sentences, one is because there are many components; not only heterogeneous components but also similar components. Second, because the composition of various sentence components is rather complicated, that is, not only words but also various types of phrases in the South and even various sentence forms. The complex sentence, one is because more clauses, and second, because the structure of each clause is more complicated. For example: ①The Chinese people will see that once China’s destiny is managed by the people themselves, China will, as the sun rises in the east, shine with its own glorious flames and rapidly clean the sludge left by the reactionary government , Heal the wounds of the war and build a brand-new and powerful veritable People’s Republic. (“Selected Works of Mao Zedong,” Volume IV, p. 1470) ② When people sitting in a car, Mercedes-Benz on that broad flat road, looking at the hills and mountains of bamboo deposits developed day by day, watching a large Trucks filled with Jinggangshan treasures open down an endless stream, and filled with many machines and industrial products to open up the mountain when