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通过野外采集土样,获取研究区不同空间尺度的有机质数据,运用经典统计学、地统计学结合GIS的方法,分析中卫市压砂地土壤有机质的空间变异特点。统计分析表明:区域尺度土壤有机质含量为1.64~14.66 g kg~(-1),田间尺度土壤有机质含量为2.73~6.17 g kg~(-1),均属中等程度变异。中卫市压砂地土壤整体处于缺乏水平(<1.0%),地统计结果表明:区域尺度土壤有机质有中等的空间自相关性,其中,接近中下水平(1.0%~1.5%)的区域位于沙坡头区的西南部,向四周逐渐降低。在沙坡头区的中部、海原县的东北部形成了两个有机质极缺的地区(<0.6%)。而处于缺乏水平(0.6%~1.0%)的区域分布范围最广,主要分布在中宁县的东北和西南部,沙坡头的东部以及海原县的中部和西北部。田间尺度的土壤有机质有强烈的空间自相关性,分布相对比较均匀,在其西部偏低,偏高值地区分布零散,无规律。
The soil samples were collected from the field to obtain the organic matter data of different spatial scales in the study area. The characteristics of spatial variability of soil organic matter in the sandstones of Zhongwei City were analyzed by using the method of classical statistics and geostatistics combined with GIS. The statistical analysis shows that the soil organic matter content is 1.64 ~ 14.66 g kg ~ (-1) at the regional scale, and the soil organic matter content is 2.73 ~ 6.17 g kg ~ (-1) in the field scale, all of them are of medium degree of variation. The results showed that there was medium spatial autocorrelation of soil organic matter at the regional scale, of which, the area near the middle-lower level (1.0% ~ 1.5%) was located in Shapo Head southwest of the area, gradually decreased around. In the middle of the Shapotou area, two areas lacking in organic matter (<0.6%) are formed in the northeast of Haiyuan County. The area with the least level (0.6% -1.0%) has the widest distribution, mainly distributed in the northeast and southwest of Zhongning County, the east of Shapotou and the middle and northwest of Haiyuan County. Soil organic matter in the field scale has a strong spatial autocorrelation, the distribution is relatively uniform, scattered in the low and high values of the west, irregular.