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一 前言 电流密度系指电极单位面积上所通过的电流强度,根据法拉第定律:当电解时在任一电极反应中发生变化的物质的量与通过的电量成正比,即与电流强度和通过的时间成正比。故电流密度愈高,阳极就溶解得愈快,单位时间内在阴极析出的物质就愈多。近代铜电解工厂为了减少设备的投资,均有走向采用高电流密度的趋势。但是由于提高电流密度,接近於电解质电位的杂质就有一同析出的可能;此外电位降随提高电流密度而增加,因此析出一吨物质的电能消耗也有所增加。苏联铜电解工厂当使用纯净的阳极时,一般采用200～300 A/M~2的电流密度;使用杂质多
I. INTRODUCTION Current density refers to the strength of the current passing through the electrode per unit area. According to Faraday’s law, the amount of material that changes during either electrode reaction is proportional to the amount of electricity passing through it during electrolysis, ie, the current intensity and passage time Is proportional. Therefore, the higher the current density, the faster the anode dissolves, the more time units will precipitate at the cathode. Modern copper electrolysis plant in order to reduce the investment in equipment, have taken the trend of using high current density. However, due to the increase of the current density, impurities close to the electrolyte potential are likely precipitated. In addition, the potential drop increases with the increase of the current density, so the energy consumption for precipitating a ton of material also increases. When using the pure anode in the Soviet Union copper electrolysis plant, the current density of 200 ~ 300 A / M ~ 2 is generally used;